Vaccines
Just like humans, animals can be affected by infectious diseases, some of which can be transferred to humans. As responsible pet owners that want to keep your animals safe and healthy, we highly recommend that you vaccinate them in line with current guidelines.
Puppies and Kittens
Puppies and kittens receive initial protection against infectious diseases from their mother’s milk as long as she has been regularly vaccinated. However this protection only lasts for a few weeks and so your new addition will need to be vaccinated from an early age. Many puppies or kittens will go to their new homes having already received their first vaccinations, but check with their former owner when you collect them. If they have not yet been vaccinated, we recommend that get their first vaccinations done as soon as possible after taking ownership of them.
As a guideline:
Puppies and Kittens should be vaccinated at 8, 12 and 16 weeks.
Booster injections should then be given 12 months from the initial vaccinations, and annually thereafter.
Rabies
Your cat or dog must be vaccinated for rabies as soon as it is 3 months old and must be kept up-to-date for their entire life.
After your pet is vaccinated the first time, they must receive a booster shot within 1 year of the date they were vaccinated. After that, your pet must be vaccinated for rabies every 3 years to stay protected.
Rabies vaccines used in Canada protect pets from all strains of rabies in North America.
You could be fined if your pet isn’t vaccinated for rabies. Even indoor cats need to be vaccinated.
Read more about Rabies
Booster injections should then be given 12 months from the initial vaccinations, and annually thereafter.
Rabies
Your cat or dog must be vaccinated for rabies as soon as it is 3 months old and must be kept up-to-date for their entire life.
After your pet is vaccinated the first time, they must receive a booster shot within 1 year of the date they were vaccinated. After that, your pet must be vaccinated for rabies every 3 years to stay protected.
Rabies vaccines used in Canada protect pets from all strains of rabies in North America.
You could be fined if your pet isn’t vaccinated for rabies. Even indoor cats need to be vaccinated.
Read more about Rabies
Your canine friend should be routinely vaccinated against the following:
- Leptospirosis
A bacteria-based disease usually spread by infected water. It causes fever, lethargy, vomiting, bloody diarrhea and jaundice in your pet. Severe infections can cause organ failure and death. It can be treated by antibiotics but the bacteria can be carried for months afterwards and their urine will remain a health hazard to both other animals and humans. Leptospirosis in humans can be fatal.
- Canine distemper virus
Spread by bodily fluid contact, there is no specific treatment and dogs with severe symptoms often die. Those who survive commonly have neurological difficulties later in life. Symptoms include fever, coughing, diarrhea and vomiting.
- Canine parvovirus
Spread by contact with feces from infected dogs, it mainly affects puppies, but can also be seen in dogs that have not had regular booster vaccinations. Symptoms include vomiting and diarrhea and dehydration. Without treatment, 80% of dogs with parvovirus will die. Treatment has an approximately 85% success rate.
- Infectious canine hepatitis
Infection is passed via bodily fluid contamination, and the virus can survive in the environment for prolonged periods. There are two types of the virus, a kennel cough type infection and a liver infection (hepatitis). Symptoms are almost identical to parvovirus. The symptoms can be treated rather than the main disease, but most dogs will survive.
- If your dog is going to spending time in kennels they may also be vaccinated via the nostril against
kennel cough, which is a combination of parainfluenza virus andbordetella bronchiseptica - Dogs traveling abroad should also be given a rabies vaccine
Cats
Your feline friend should be routinely vaccinated against the following:
- Feline calicivirus
Commonly called ‘cat flu’ as its symptoms include sneezing, fever, discharge from the nose and eyes, and mouth ulcers. Spreads via cat to cat contact, airborne contact or contamination of the living environment. Vaccination prevents some strains but not all.
- Feline herpes virus
Spread by the saliva or discharge from the nose and eyes in infected cats, it can also survive in its environment. Like feline calicivirus it is a type of ‘cat flu’ as its symptoms include fever, sneezing, conjunctivitis and discharge from the eyes. Once a cat has had feline herpes it is infected for life and may suffer recurrent flare-ups that are treated with antibiotics and eye drops.
- Feline infectious enteritis
Spread by the feces and urine of infected cats, this virus attacks their immune system leaving the animal unable to fight infection. Pregnant cats can transmit the disease to their kittens while they are in the womb. Symptoms include fever, seizures, vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration.
- Cats dubbed ‘at risk’ should also be vaccinated against feline leukemia virus
This disease is thought to require very close contact to infected cats to be spread, such as milk from mother to kitten or bite wounds. Much more common in city areas, and among un-neutered and stray cats. Multi-cat households also present a higher risk. The symptoms include poor body condition and coat, anorexia, diarrhea and jaundice. The virus attacks the bone marrow which results in leukemia and sometimes lymphoma.
